Factors Affecting The Content of Gypenosides

The content and composition of Gypenosides are related to the origin, variety, harvest time and sampling site. By comparing the components in different Gynostemma, it is helpful for people to choose Gynostemma according to their own needs.

1. Origin

Studies have shown that the chemical constituents of Gynostemma pentaphyllum from Japan are mainly dammarane triterpenoid saponins, including ginsenosides. Gynostemma pentaphyllum is produced in Jiangxi, Shaanxi and other places in China, and its bioactive substances are mainly flavonoids. The seven provinces of Shaanxi, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan where Gynostemma Gynostemma are grown artificially were investigated, and the contents of total Gypenosides and Gynostemma Gynostemma glycol saponins of different strains were detected. The results showed:

The total saponin content in Gynostemma pentaphyllum was 12.18% in Shaanxi Pingli PL.1;

The content of saponins in the diol group in Gynostemma pentaphyllum was the highest in Hubei HB.02, which was 0.88%.

2. Variety

The saponin content of Gynostemma pentaphyllum is also closely related to the varieties of Gynostemma pentaphyllum. The difference between Gynostemma cultivars is mainly reflected in the difference in the number of leaves and taste of the plant.

When measuring the content of triterpenoid saponins in Gynostemma pentaphyllum, it was found that the content of triterpenoid saponins in the leaves of Gynostemma pentaphyllum was significantly higher than that of Gynostemma pentaphyllum leaves.

In terms of taste, bitter and sweet Gynostemma Gynostemma total saponins were higher. The bitter-sweet Gynostemma was second, and the light-sweet Gynostemma had the least total saponins.

3. Harvest time and sampling site

The content of Gypenosides was also related to harvest time and sampling site.

Generally speaking, July is the flowering season of Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and the saponin content in Gynostemma pentaphyllum begins to rise. The harvested Gypenosides had the highest content before the results of Gynostemma in October.

The saponin content in different parts decreased sequentially from leaves, stems and aerial parts. For example, in Gynostemma pentaphyllum introduced from Hebei, the content of total saponins in leaves is 4-5 times higher than that in stems.